We saw that as a child, the genes provide the raw material for the development of their brain, but the current organization of the brain is not yet complete. Why is this happening, the brain needs to receive input from the environment to know how best its resources: the use of genes that have the potential, but it is the environment that determines how much of this potential will be realized.
Much of what constitutes learning and development, the network of synapses, the smallSpaces between neurons. And 'this network that determines how and how well information is transmitted through the brain, and the experience that has a child, especially during the first years of life that the way in which synapses are connected. determine
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Peter Huttenlocher, a neurologist at the University of Chicago, has extensive studies on how the growing number of synaptic connections, and is played between childhood and adulthood.Microscopes with extremely high resolution, Huttenlocher carefully counted the number of synaptic connections in the human brain at different ages. The results are surprising:
• At birth, infants have approximately 50 trillion synaptic connections - a tenth as much as adults.
• By the age of three years, children have about twice the synaptic connections as an adult - it is estimated that 1,000 mille milliards!
Children • By the age of 14, and still are manyConnections as adults.
Because a child to develop synaptic connections, as they should in the near future? The answer seems to be that an excess supply of synaptic connections that can be a child born in a game with any number of environments, it might. As a result, the brain can learn to speak Russian or Persian, eat with chopsticks or a fork to keep track of the animals in the jungles of South America, or browse through the streets of New York City. So why the number of synapses? Down
Experience: Food for Thought
In the first phase, each new experience, your child has a new synaptic connections that are dramatically increasing the synaptic density. When he has more experience, their brains are developed through a process of synaptic selection. It turns out that there was competition between the synapses. The winners will be determined from this experience. The more often a synapse is used, the more likely to be permanent. Each time the child hears your voice,For example, some synapses develop the information. When they hear the voice, often, the synaptic connections are strengthened and that will survive. Synapses that are not used often wither and die - a process that scientists describe as synaptogenesis; synaptogenesis of the brain of a high efficiency in processing information.
Even many synapses?
One might ask what would be the effect if the number of synapses uncut. Would not be only for aSmart baby? The answer is no. Indeed, the evidence appears to say that do to the lack of synaptic connections with strangers is connected to many of the developing nervous system and can also be a cause of schizophrenia.
Sensitive periods
There are indications that at some points in the first years of intensive cultivation and learning, the child will learn more prepared for certain types of information than others. Scientists from the first time the sensitive times and indirect referencesWindows of opportunity and parents have understandably responded with great interest.
In describing how they have developed the sensitive periods, William T. Greenough, developmental psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Campaign,
And his colleagues have certain types of learning as experience-pending described. This type of learning experience for all members of a species would be expected to have. Language is a perfect example:
• Inthe normal course of development, almost all children the language in the first year of life suspended.
• A language is a normal experience, the structures of the brain were on hand hoping to hear.
• If these structures are bound to hear "what they are, is to become more efficient in processing.
• When the language of exposure during the time you expect to obtain future ability to learn the language of the brain are impaired. This is why it is so importantYour child too verbal communication and shares in the first years of life.
It should be noted that just because something might be easier to learn during a given period of time does not mean that it is impossible to learn at a later date.
Of course you can, and not the people who learn a second language to adults, but it is much harder than learning as a child, and some nuances of the language will never be learned so well.
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